Cancer deaths rose to 10 million worldwide in 2019
Recent trends also highlight global disparities in cancer burden

Date:
December 30, 2021
Source:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Summary:
Cancer deaths rose to 10 million and new cases jumped to over 23
million globally in 2019, according to a new scientific study.



FULL STORY ========================================================================== Cancer deaths rose to 10 million and new cases jumped to over 23 million globally in 2019, according to a new scientific study from the Institute
for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington
School of Medicine.


==========================================================================
At the start of the decade in 2010, total cancer deaths numbered 8.29
million worldwide and new cancer cases were at 18.7 million; the counts
by the end of the decade in 2019 represent increases of 20.9% and 26.3%, respectively.

The paper was published on December 30, 2021 in JAMA Oncology, and is
part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study
2019 (GBD 2019).

The researchers estimated cancer burden and trends globally for 204
countries and territories. They found that cancer was second behind only cardiovascular diseases in the number of deaths, disability-adjusted
life years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLLs) among 22 groups of
diseases and injuries globally in 2019. Within the total cancer burden,
the five leading causes of cancer-related DALYs for both sexes combined
were tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer; colon and rectum cancer; stomach cancer; breast cancer; and liver cancer. TBL cancer was the
leading cause of cancer deaths in 119 countries and territories for
males and 27 countries and territories for females.

Although the absolute burden of cancer increased in both deaths and
new cases from 2010 to 2019, the global age-standardized mortality
and incidence rates decreased by 5.9% and 1.1%, respectively. From a
country perspective, the age- standardized mortality rate decreased in
131 countries and territories and the age-standardized incidence rate
lessened in 75 countries and territories. The small percentage declines globally are promising, but the researchers caution that there may be
setbacks in cancer care and outcomes due to COVID-19. The effects of
the pandemic on cancer morbidity, mortality, and prevention and control
efforts were not accounted for in this GBD study, which analyzed global
cancer burden through 2019.

The authors also analyzed cancer burden based on Socio-demographic
Index (SDI), a composite measure of income per capita, average years
of education, and total fertility rate for people younger than 25 years
of age.

While the global trend for age-standardized mortality and incidence rates
is encouraging, the reduction in rates appears to be driven by higher SDI locations. For mortality, age-standardized rates decreased in the middle, middle-high, and high quintiles and increased in the low and low-middle quintiles. Similarly, for incidence, the age-standardized rates decreased
in the high-middle and high quintiles -- with the largest decrease in
the high SDI quintile -- while increasing in the low, low-middle, and
middle SDI quintiles.

"Ensuring that global progress against cancer burden is equitable
is crucial," said Dr. Jonathan Kocarnik, lead author on the study
and Research Scientist at IHME. "This will require efforts to reduce disparities in cancer prevention, treatment, and survival, and the incorporation of local needs and knowledge into tailored national
cancer control plans." Dr. Kocarnik and his co-authors suggested that
the larger increases in the lower SDI quintiles likely reflect ongoing epidemiological transitions, demographic shifts, and disparities in
cancer prevention, care, and control.

Even without accounting for the COVID-19 pandemic, the absolute burden
of cancer is already growing substantially worldwide.

Some additional findings from the study:
* Breast cancer was the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among
females worldwide, including for 119 countries.

* On a global scale, 96.9% of cancer-related DALYs, which is the
sum of
YLLs and years lived with disability, can be attributed to YLLs
or premature death.

* Of the 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD study,
total cancer
is the leading cause of DALYs for the high SDI quintile and among
the top five causes of DALYs for three of the remaining four
SDI quintiles.

========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by Institute_for_Health_Metrics_and_Evaluation. Note: Content may be edited
for style and length.


========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Jonathan M. Kocarnik et al. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years
of Life
Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life
Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019. JAMA Oncology, 2021;
DOI: 10.1001/ jamaoncol.2021.6987 ==========================================================================

Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/12/211230130926.htm

--- up 3 weeks, 5 days, 7 hours, 13 minutes
* Origin: -=> Castle Rock BBS <=- Now Husky HPT Powered! (1:317/3)