XPost: rec.radio.info

********************************************
The ARES Letter

Published by the American Radio Relay League ********************************************

May 18, 2022

Editor: Rick Palm, K1CE <k1ce@arrl.net>

IN THIS ISSUE

- June 2022 Pacific Northwest Exercises - Six Ways to Play
- Former FEMA Administrator on The Importance of Ham Radio in Disasters
- ARRL Section News
- K1CE for a Final: Armed Forces Day Cross-Band Test--Pure Fun for a
Good Cause
- ARES Resources
- ARRL Resources

ARES® Briefs, Links

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National
Hurricane Center <https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/> (NHC) amateur radio
station WX4NHC will be on the air for its Annual Communications Test
Saturday, May 28, 2022 from 9 AM-5 PM EDT (1300Z-2100Z). This event
marks the 42nd year of amateur radio public service at the NHC. The
purpose of the event is to test WX4NHC amateur radio equipment and
antennas at the center, as well as center operators' home station
equipment, antennas, and computers prior to this year's hurricane
season, which starts June 1 and runs through November 30.

WX4NHC station assistant coordinator Julio Ripoll, WD4R, said, "The
event is a good opportunity for amateur radio operators worldwide to
practice providing emergency communications during times of severe
weather. We will be making brief contacts on many frequencies and
modes, exchanging signal reports and basic weather data (sunny, rain, temperature, etc.) with any station in any location."

WX4NHC will be on the air on HF, VHF, UHF, 2- and 30-meter APRS <http://www.aprs.org/>and Winlink <wx4nhc@winlink.org>(subject lines
of messages must contain "//WL2K"). Ripoll said "We will try to stay on
the Hurricane Watch Net <http://hwn.org> frequency 14.325 MHz most of
the time, with an option of 7.268 MHz, depending on propagation and
conditions. However, we will be operating on different frequencies
depending on QRM; you may be able to find us on HF by using one of the
DX spotting networks such as the DX Summit
<http://www.dxsummit.fi/#/>." The operation will also be conducted on
the VoIP Hurricane Net <http://www.voipwx.net/>at 4 PM-5PM EDT
(2000-2100Z): IRLP node 9219/EchoLink WX-TALK Conference node 7203.
WX4NHC operators will also make a few contacts on local VHF and UHF
repeaters as well as the Florida statewide SARNET
<http://www.sarnetfl.com/> system to test station equipment.

QSL cards are available via WD4R. Please send cards with a SASE. Please
do NOT send QSLs directly to the Hurricane Center address, as handling
will get delayed. Due to security measures and the COVID-19 pandemic,
no visitors will be allowed entry to the National Hurricane Center. For
more information about WX4NHC <http://wx4nhc.org/>, please visit the
station's website.

The US Department of Defense hosted this year's Armed Forces Day (AFD) Cross-Band Test on Saturday, May 14. QSL card information <https://www.usarmymars.org/armed-forces-day-qsl-card-request> is
available from US Army MARS. The AFD Cross-Band Test is a two-way communications exercise between military and amateur radio stations:
amateurs listen for stations on military operating frequencies and
transmit on frequencies in adjacent amateur bands. Twenty-four military stations participated in this year's event. More information is
available at Department of Defense MARS <https://www.dodmars.org/mars-comex-information-website/armed-forces-day>.
[See K1CE for a Final below for your editor's experience on this test.]

Winlink Thursday administrator Wayne Robertson, K4WK, reported that
Winlink Thursday participation for May 5, 2022 "might be a record, with
757 entries, and 95 percent accuracy." Winlink Thursday (WLT) has been
an enormously successful training event over the past few years,
introducing radio amateurs to the digital hybrid email/radio system
that has become a critical tool for communications in emergency and
disaster situations for emergency management at all levels. More
information can be found at the EmComm Training Organization <https://emcomm-training.org/Mission_Statement.html> (ETO) website. The recording of the ETO All Hands Meeting <https://us02web.zoom.us/rec/share/8oOzpKD-XZ5sBkANXMGZ3U1Rb0nwAg58g3jIxEDhNdn_Bkg7QDkjz3DwoYrFcZGJ.bhcnPkma5reJsNfV>
held on May 9 is now available: The password is T5!FHHRD
A detailed analysis of the May 5 Winlink Thursday has been posted on
the Winlink Thursday Page
<https://emcomm-training.org/Winlink_Thursdays.html>. ETO's Semi-Annual
Drill Operation "Ashfall" was held on May 14. For more information see Instructions for ETO's Semi-Annual -- Drill Operation "Ashfall" on May
14 <https://emcomm-training.org/drills2.html>. Results were pending at
press time.

Labor and resources donated by volunteers and organizations may help
local and Commonwealth agencies save taxpayer money by offsetting local
costs under FEMA's Public Assistance Program <https://www.fema.gov/assistance/public>. Individuals and organizations
often donate resources to assist with disaster response activities.
FEMA does not provide Public Assistance funding for donated resources.
However, FEMA allows the applicant (local and Commonwealth agencies and
certain private nonprofits, including houses of worship) to use the
value of donated resources (non-cash contributions of property or
services) related to eligible Emergency Work or categories A and B
(debris removal and emergency protective measures) to offset the
non-federal cost share of eligible projects and direct federal
assistance. See FEMA's Fact Sheet <https://www.fema.gov/fact-sheet/donated-resources-can-help-offset-public-assistance-project-costs>.
- Thanks, Craig Fugate, KK4INZ

This just in at press time: North Florida Amateur Radio Club <https://www.qsl.net/nf4rc/> (NFARC) officer Gordon Gibby, KX4Z,
reports that the FEMA Region 4 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee) and
Region 6 (Texas, Arkansas, New Mexico, Louisiana and Oklahoma)
Emergency Communications Coordinating Working Groups (RECCWG) are
planning a cyber attack exercise on June 1, 2022. Several major
metropolitan areas will be cited as the "affected areas" and both CISA
SHARES and amateur radio Winlink will be used to provide ground truth information back to the appropriate sources.

"We radio amateurs are only a portion of this wide-ranging exercise
that includes (and thus compares) multiple federal/state communications reporting systems," said Gibby. "It is a fairly simple collection of
'ground truths' for a simulated cyber-attack on a limited number of
high population centers," he said. "The Winlink response is requested
from both CISA SHARES personnel and radio amateurs." The exercise
involves creating a single message in a specific Winlink template
addressed to specific recipients, not unlike the ETO's Winlink Thursday exercises. The message can then be sent using Telnet (internet) or any
desired radio technique (e.g., ARDOP, VARA, PACTOR). This is an
excellent opportunity for amateur radio operators to provide critical information from their home locations, and ARRL ARES will be involved.
- Thanks, Gordon Gibby, KX4Z, CISA SHARES and NFARC; and Steve
Waterman, K4CJX, DHS CISA SHARES Auxiliary (Winlink Admin), FEMA R4
RECCWG auxiliary communications Committee, Tennessee Emergency
Management Agency COMU, Winlink Administrator, Winlink Development
Team, ARSFI Board of Directors

JUNE 2022 PACIFIC NORTHWEST EXERCISES - SIX WAYS TO PLAY

The Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) is an area 70 to 100 miles off the
west coast of North America stretching between Cape Mendocino in
Northern California and Nootka Island in British Columbia where three
tectonic plates are moving eastward and gradually slipping beneath the
North American Plate.

When, not if, the next full-length "megathrust" rupture of the CSZ
fault occurs, it will likely be the worst natural disaster to hit the
United States. The Amateur Radio Service should be prepared for
communications in the aftermath of a magnitude 9.0+ earthquake, an
immediate drop (subsidence) of coastal shoreline areas from 4 to 13
feet (with twice-a-day high tide flooding for decades), a tsunami
exceeding 30 feet in height, flooding of Pacific coastline beaches up
100 feet in depth, liquefied soils in tidal flats and river estuaries,
and landslides along steeper slopes and reactivation of older
deep-seated landslides.

To prepare for this very bad day, response efforts continuing for weeks
to months, and a recovery period stretching into years, six
preparedness activities are taking place in the Pacific Northwest in
June 2022.

Activity #1: Washington EMD Workshops

The Washington Emergency Management Division (WA EMD) will hold two
single-day virtual discussion-based workshops as their "Cascadia Rising
2022" (CR22) engagement, focusing on days 5-8 of the incident.
According to email from the EMD, "This exercise series is hosted by
Washington Emergency Management Division and is open to all Washington tribes/nations, state agencies, political subdivisions, emergency
management agencies/organizations, local jurisdictions,
non-governmental organizations, non-profit and volunteer organizations,
the private sector, and federal partners."

A Critical Transportation (ESF #1) workshop will be on Monday, June 13,
and a Mass Care Services (ESF #6) workshop will be on Wednesday, June
15.There is no Operational Communications (ESF #2) component to these discussions as one of the exercise planning assumptions for this
scenario is that all commercial communications will have been restored
by the start of day 5. Some amateur radio operators are scheduled to be involved in the discussion groups, but not in communications roles.

Radio amateurs in Washington who wish to participate in the CR22
workshops should contact the Emergency Manager of their local
jurisdiction for registration details. The Washington EMD will conduct
vetting of all participant applicants.

Activity #2: WSDOT Functional Exercise

The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) will hold a
"Cascadia Rising 2022" (CR22) functional exercise on Wednesday, June
15, and Thursday, June 16. Due to the massive scale of a CSZ rupture
incident, volunteers will be needed to supplement WSDOT staff in
performing post-incident assessment of the critical transportation
situation. For this exercise, amateur radio participants will travel to
bridges on state and federal highways in their local area, perform
"Level 1 Post Earthquake Bridge Inspections," and transmit a "Bridge
Damage Report Form" to WSDOT.

If your ARES/RACES/ACS/auxiliary communications group would like to
participate in this CR22 exercise:

â-¢ In the WSDOT Southwest Region (Clark, Cowlitz, Klickitat, Lewis,
Pacific, Skamania, and Wahkiakum counties) contact Steve Aberle,
WA7PTM, wa7ptm@arrl.net.

â-¢ All other counties contact Mike Montfort, KB0SVF, kb0svf@arrl.net.

Activities #3 & #4: NTEMC Full-Scale Exercise

The National Tribal Emergency Management Council (NTEMC) will hold a "Thunderbird and Whale 2022" (TW22) full-scale exercise on Thursday,
June 9, through Sunday, June 19. The name change from CR22 to TW22 was
made to honor tribal oral histories about the struggle between
Thunderbird and Whale, which generally describe the effects of an
earthquake and a tsunami.The exercise will cover FEMA Response Phases
2A, 2B, and 2C, and all Community Lifelines will be activated. Tribes
in multiple states (AK, WA, OR, ID, CA) and perhaps BC will be
involved. Federal partners include USDOT, USGS, CISA, DOI, BIA, USCG,
NOAA, US CBP, FirstNet, and FEMA Regions 8 & 9. State partners include
Oregon Health Authority, WA Dept. of Agriculture, and WA Dept. of
Health. Local and community partners include NGOs, food banks, several airports, and many others.

As this exercise kicks off on Thursday, June 9, simulated situation
reports (SITREPs) will be collected from amateur radio stations in the
affected areas. This will be on HF in order to reach out beyond the
disaster area. Although SITREPs will be taken and collated in Eastern Washington, many signals may hop over them, so relay stations from
throughout the US and Canada will be needed. All radio amateurs are
welcome to participate. If you are interested in helping in this
portion of the TW22 exercise, contact Frank Hutchison, AG7QP,
ag7qp@arrl.net.

The backbone of ESF #2 Communications for TW22 is ham radio, which will
be supporting nearly all other ESFs. Portable HF and/or VHF/UHF
stations will be needed in many locations throughout Oregon,
Washington, and Northern California. This includes radio support for
agencies participating in the exercise as well as tribes.

The protocol for participation with a tribal nation is that they must
first extend an invitation to a non-tribal amateur radio group. The
NTEMC is in contact with the tribes and is helping to facilitate those invitations where needed. If your ARES/RACES/ACS/auxiliary comms group
is interested in participating in this portion of the TW22 exercise
(should it be invited by a tribe), or you are in the Puget Sound region
and can assist with radio communications at the NTEMC EOC (in the
Woodinville area) or for a partner organization (at various locations),
contact Ray Smith, KD7AVP, ray@ntemc.org.

Activity #5: Washington DART/EVAC Functional Exercise

Several Disaster Airlift Response Teams (DARTs) and the Emergency
Volunteer Aviation Corp (EVAC) will hold a "Thunder Run 2022" (TR22)
functional exercise on Saturday, June 18, testing the "West Coast
General Aviation Response Plan." These groups will use general aviation aircraft to fly 17,000 pounds of food from a supply depot at the Walla
Walla Regional Airport to two distribution hub airports in the Puget
Sound area of Washington. In addition, the Aero Club of BC (BCAERO)
from British Columbia, Canada, will fly 30,000 pounds of food initially
into Bellingham International Airport (as the customs/drop-in point),
and will then assist other aircraft flying supplies to airfields in the
Puget Sound area. Some of the destinations will involve the use the
seaplanes which were evacuated from Lake Washington at the start of the exercise.

Amateur radio support will involve tracking aircraft arrivals, supply manifests, and aircraft departures and then passing that information on Winlink. If you are interested in participating in the TR22 exercise,
contact Dee Williamson, KE7CFM, ke7cfm@arrl.net.

Activity #6: Oregon DART Functional Exercise

The Oregon Disaster Airlift Response Team (DART) will hold a "Whale Run
2022" (WR22) functional exercise on Saturday, June 18, and Sunday, June
19. General aviation aircraft will be used to fly 10,000 pounds of food
from a supply depot at the Walla Walla Regional Airport to three
distribution hub airports in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. From
those hubs, food supplies will be flown to destination airports near
tribal populations in Southwest Washington, Oregon, and Northern
California.

Amateur radio support will involve tracking aircraft arrivals, supply manifests, and aircraft departures and then passing that information on Winlink. If you are interested in participating in the WR22 exercise,
contact Ralph Garono, KA8ZGM, ka8zgm@arrl.net.

The NTEMC and DART/EVAC exercises, which are separate but in sync with
each other, are endeavoring to be as close to a real-life scenario as
possible, with only a very few artificialities to facilitate exercise
play. These are fairly complex exercises and amateur radio
communications will be the showpiece of ESF #2.

-- Steve Aberle, WA7PTM, Assistant Director, Northwestern Division

FORMER FEMA ADMINISTRATOR ON THE IMPORTANCE OF HAM RADIO IN

DISASTERS

[Blogger Brian Haren, W8BYH, served over 23 years of active duty with
the US Army Corps of Engineers as a geospatial engineer and today works
as the Geospatial Services Manager for Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta
International Airport in Atlanta. He is an ARES Assistant Emergency
Coordinator and is an active Army MARS and SHARES member. Haren is the
author of the Georgia ARES Situational Awareness Web Map <https://arcg.is/0GSyK5> and writes about amateur radio and related
topics on his PRC-77.com blog <http://www.prc-77.com/>. His summary of,
and comments on, a presentation made by former FEMA Administrator Craig
Fugate, KK4INZ, are reproduced below with permission. - Ed.]

"On April 9, the Coastal Plains Amateur Radio Club <https://www.facebook.com/W4PVW/> in southeast Georgia hosted a
presentation by former two-term FEMA Administrator Craig Fugate,
KK4INZ, titled 'The Importance of Ham Radio in Disasters.' The club subsequently posted the video of the meeting and made it available on
YouTube <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7t9UOwGm74&t=24s>.

"I have to say, Mr. Fugate hit it out of the ballpark: He provided the
best insight and guidance I've ever heard regarding disaster
communications and amateur radio support. When I watched the video I
came away with a full page of notes that I've distilled here:

- Focus training on low probability/high consequence events --
hurricanes, wildfires, earthquakes, etc.

- ARES and auxiliary communications are not the same, and ARES still
has a primary role at the local level.

- ARES #1 mission needs to be making sure the local EOC can talk to the
state EOC. The #2 mission is making sure that the local EOC can talk to
its subordinate fire and EMS stations and, by extension, its local
medical facilities (hospitals, critical care centers, etc.)

- One of the first consequences of any disaster is that all commercial
comms systems will be overloaded, particularly cell circuits. The cell
sites may be up and functioning, but the demand will overwhelm them.

- All comms systems, regardless of how well they are hardened, have
multiple points of failure. It's not uncommon for EVERYTHING to fail.
In fact, it happens with alarming regularity.

- Any comms infrastructure reliant on IP -- cell phones, VOIP,
internet, etc. -- is particularly vulnerable. Even commercial SATPHONEs
at some point tie back to an IP-based ground system, and the
connections will fail.

- AT&T's FirstNet is IP-based and is not well hardened (he wasn't very complimentary of the whole FirstNet concept).

- Supporting local shelters with communications really isn't all that important. Most of them will have all the comms they need.

- Focus on developing digital mode expertise. Digital can carry more
traffic, more accurately and under more adverse conditions, than voice.

- Repeaters will fail and 2-meter simplex will run into coverage issues
very fast. Focus on HF.

- Most emergency managers at all levels have no idea what digital
capabilities ARES can bring to the EOC. Some have heard of Winlink, few
know what it really is or what its capabilities are. Almost none have
heard of FT8, JS8, etc.

- In a disaster, antennas are more vulnerable than radios. Have spares.

- Backup power -- YES! Generators fail with alarming frequency.

- Risk. FEMA reimbursement rules don't cover privately owned radio gear
if it gets damaged or destroyed while supporting a declared emergency.
The point here is to push your local EMA to fund the necessary gear and
have the ARES operators fall in on it.

"Craig's strong focus was on the use of HF for both local and long-haul communications -- get the local EOC talking to state ASAP and don't
rely on anything that has a high risk of failure (like repeaters). His perspective is interesting - he's seen too many commercial and
government communications systems fail during real world disasters, particularly IP-based systems.

"We can distill Craig's guidance down to one simple statement: EMAs at
all levels need point-to-point communications systems that don't rely
on any infrastructure. This is the key role that ARES is best suited to
fill at the local and state levels, and that needs to be our primary
mission and training focus.

"I consider this presentation, the lessons learned it discusses, and
the advice it provides, to be a critical guide to future ARES and
auxiliary communications mission definition and training. Craig's
advice is both invaluable and unassailable. If there was a way I could
force every local and state emergency manager to sit down and watch
this video and absorb the lessons, I would."

[Haren's summary can be found here <https://www.prc-77.com/2022/04/sage-advice.html>.]

ARRL SECTION NEWS

ARRL San Diego Section -- Mountain Endurance Race Rescue

On Saturday, May 14, 2022, the air temperature had climbed above 90
degrees and runners were dropping out of the rugged Pacific Crest Trail <https://www.pcta.org/> 50-mile, 10-hour mountain endurance race in
droves when reports came into a remote aid station of a runner in
distress a mile up the trail. The lead ham at the aid station, J
Rollins, KM6NUY, handed an FRS (Family Radio Service) radio to the
non-ham aid station captain who then sprinted up the trail to the
distressed runner to evaluate his condition. Attempts to cool the
runner failed, so the aid station captain used the loaned FRS radio to
ask the ham team to summon EMS. With no cell phone service in that
remote area, this request for aid was relayed from the aid station by
radio operator Caleb Rollins, KN6ODW, through a Mountain Empire Amateur
Radio Club (MEARC) 2-meter repeater in Campo, California, to the event
net control near Buckman Springs, California, where net controls Gary
Holmes, KM6LKP, and Lori Palmer, KE6ZLV, coordinated the emergency
response. A few minutes after placing the call for aid, the responding
medics called to ask for driving directions because they could not use
the GPS latitude and longitude provided to find the location on the
side of a mountain, far from marked roads. Local resident Craig
Williams, W6CAW, provided driving directions for the responders. During
the emergency, back at the aid station, Mark Warrick, KM6ZPO, and Julie Warrick, KN6AOC, continued to track runners passing through the aid
station and explained ham radio to inquisitive onlookers while other
hams dealt with the emergency. With the help of EMS, the runner made a
full recovery. Lessons learned included the value of using FRS as a communications link for non-hams, depth on the bench, and the need to
tabletop with emergency responders before an event. -- Thanks, Rob
Freeburn, K6RJF, San Diego, California; and ARRL San Diego Section
Manager Dave Kaltenborn, N8KBC

ARRL West Texas Section - Hospital Use of Amateur Radio

ARRL West Texas Section
<http://arrl-wtx.org/hospital-use-of-ham-radio/> Manager Dale Durham,
W5WI, writes: April 6, 2022 -- "Over the past couple of months, we have
learned of several hospitals wanting their staff to obtain ham radio
licenses to enable the staff to operate amateur radio equipment placed
in the hospital during emergencies. In consultation with retired FCC
Legal Counsel Riley Hollingsworth and by reviewing Federal regulation
47 CFR Part 97 in Section 97.113 <https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/47/97.113> Prohibited
Transmissions, Exceptions, we find that the regulation does allow
amateur radio licensed hospital staff limited use of the amateur radio equipment for tests and drills ONLY. The regulation spells out the
parameters of the limited use. This limited use does NOT allow amateur
radio licensed hospital staff to use the amateur radio equipment during
actual emergencies. Amateur radio licensed volunteer groups like ARES
are the best alternative to providing emergency communications for
hospitals and other NGO agencies." (Thanks, Duane Mariotti, WB9RER,
Kaiser Permanente Amateur Radio Network <https://sites.google.com/view/kparn-org/home> Coordinator)

K1CE FOR A FINAL: ARMED FORCES DAY CROSS-BAND TEST--PURE FUN FOR A

GOOD CAUSE

I had the honor, pleasure, and privilege of participating in the Armed
Forces Day Cross-Band Test this past Saturday, working station NSS at
the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, inside/outside the
20-meter amateur band. The split operation had NSS and other military
stations transmitting outside the amateur bands, with radio amateurs transmitting in the adjacent amateur frequency band. In addition to the excitement of working the Naval Academy station, it gave me the
opportunity to learn how to program my HF radio for split operation.

ARRL has promoted the participation of military and amateur radio
stations in the AFD event for more than 50 years. In the August 1950
issue of QST, it was noted that "232 persons made perfect copy of the
'Greeting to Amateurs' broadcast at 25 w.p.m. over 13 military
frequencies and have received a Certificate of Merit signed by the
Secretary of Defense, the Honorable Louis Johnson."

_________________________________________

[Correction: In the last issue's article, "Trending in Event
Communications," by Erik Westgard, NY9D, the second bullet point should
have read as follows: "Dashboards and databases - faster real-time data
access and decision making. Peter Corbet, KD8GBL, wrote a medical tent
capacity front end to our database." - Ed.]

_____________

ARES RESOURCES

- Download the ARES Manual [PDF] <http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public%20Service/ARES/ARESmanual2015.pdf>

- ARES Field Resources Manual [PDF] <http://www.arrl.org/files/file/ARES_FR_Manual.pdf>

- ARES Standardized Training Plan Task Book [Fillable PDF] <http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public%20Service/ARES/ARRL-ARES-FILLABLE-TRAINING-TASK-BOOK-V2_1_1.pdf>

- ARES Standardized Training Plan Task Book [Word] <http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public%20Service/ARES/ARRL-ARES-STANDARDIZED-TRAINING-TASK-BOOK-V1_2_2.doc>

- ARES Plan <http://www.arrl.org/ares-plan>

- ARES Group Registration
<http://www.arrl.org/ares-group-id-request-form>

- Emergency Communications Training <http://www.arrl.org/emergency-communications-training>

The Amateur Radio Emergency Service® (ARES) consists of licensed
amateurs who have voluntarily registered their qualifications and
equipment, with their local ARES leadership, for communications duty in
the public service when disaster strikes. Every licensed amateur,
regardless of membership in ARRL or any other local or national
organization is eligible to apply for membership in ARES. Training may
be required or desired to participate fully in ARES. Please inquire at
the local level for specific information. Because ARES is an amateur
radio program, only licensed radio amateurs are eligible for
membership. The possession of emergency-powered equipment is desirable,
but is not a requirement for membership.

How to Get Involved in ARES: Fill out the ARES Registration form <http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public%20Service/fsd98.pdf> and submit
it to your local Emergency Coordinator.

ARRL RESOURCES

Join or Renew Today! <http://www.arrl.org/join> Eligible US-based
members can elect to receive QST <http://www.arrl.org/qst> or On the
Air <http://www.arrl.org/on-the-air-magazine> magazine in print when
they join ARRL or when they renew their membership. All members can
access digital editions of all four ARRL magazines: QST, On the Air,
QEX, and NCJ.

Subscribe to NCJ -- the National Contest Journal
<http://www.arrl.org/ncj>. Published bimonthly, features articles by
top contesters, letters, hints, statistics, scores, NA Sprint and QSO
parties.

Subscribe to QEX -- A Forum for Communications Experimenters <http://www.arrl.org/qex>. Published bimonthly, features technical
articles, construction projects, columns, and other items of interest
to radio amateurs and communications professionals.

Free of charge to ARRL members: Subscribe <http://www.arrl.org/myarrl-account-management#%21/edit-info-email_subscriptions>
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Donate <https://www.arrl.org/arrl-donation-form> to the fund of your
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_________

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