• SARL News 18 September 2022 / SARL Nuus 18 September 2022

    From South African Radio League@21:1/5 to All on Sun Sep 18 06:39:40 2022
    XPost: rec.radio.info

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    Take Note: The South African Radio League broadcasts a news bulletin each
    Sunday in Afrikaans and English at 08:15 and 08:30 Central African Time r espectively on HF and various VHF and UHF repeaters around the country. Yo
    u are welcome to join us every Sunday morning for the weekly radio program
    , Amateur Radio Today at 10:00 CAT.
    SOUTH AFRICAN RADIO LEAGUE NEWS FOR SUNDAY 18 SEPTEMBER 2022

    Good morning and welcome to the weekly news bulletin of the South African
    Radio League read by ................ [your name, call sign and QTH]

    The South African Radio League broadcasts a news bulletin each Sunday in A frikaans and English at 08:15 and 08:30 Central African Time respectively
    on HF and various VHF and UHF repeaters around the country. The bulletin
    is relayed on Echolink by Johan, ZS6JPL. The audio bulletins can be dow nloaded from the League website at while the text bulletin can be downloa
    ded from https://sarl.us5.list-manage.com/track/click?u'b05a8cba9589bf 8d019e5d3&idˆd85464c7&eœe7bd785b. To join the MailChimp bull
    etin mailing list, send an e-mail to the SARL Secretary.

    In the news today:

    IS YOUR CLUB CONSTITUTION UP TO DATE?

    MANY AMATEUR RADIO EVENTS ON SATURDAY 24 SEPTEMBER

    and

    CLUB AND CONTEST NEWS

    Stay tuned for more information on these and other interesting news items.

    IS YOUR CLUB CONSTITUTION UP TO DATE?

    The Council received an application for affiliation from a new Club and it
    was noted that the proposed Club constitution does not meet the legal req uirements set by SARS, among others. Clubs are requested to check their
    constitutions and contact the SARL Legal Advisor, Louw Erasmus, ZS6LM
    E at zs6lme@gmail.com (mailto:zs6lme@gmail.com) for assistance to amend th
    e document to meet legal requirements.

    THE ZS SOTA, FAUNA AND FLORA AND HERITAGE SPRING DAY

    The ZS SOTA, ZSFF and Heritage Spring Day will be on Saturday 24 Septemb
    er (National Braai Day and Heritage Day). For those planning on activating
    a summit, a park or a heritage site, it is time to start looking at w
    hich summit, park or heritage site you are going to activate and your pl
    anned activation times. Please post your planned activation on the WhatsAp
    p SOTA/POTA group so that chasers will be aware of your activation.

    This is fun day out in nature and not a competition, and each participan
    t will receive a Spring Day certificate whether you activated or chased th
    ose summits, parks or heritage sites. For activators, it is fun to see
    if you can make summit-to-summit (S2S) or park-to-park or heritage-to-her itage or a combination of contacts with other activators and how many chas
    ers you can get in your log.

    SAIEE HISTORICAL SECTION CELEBRATING SA HERITAGE DAY 24 SEPTEMBER

    The legacy and history of South African Electrical Engineering innovations
    have been carefully curated for our current and future generations to lea
    rn, enjoy and come to appreciate the significant contribution to society
    of some of the giants of our field in years past. Many of the benefits we
    enjoy today will be better appreciated when we see the journey of technol
    ogy and innovation towards the convenience and safety we currently enjoy a
    nd take for granted.

    The Johannesburg Children's Home, founded in 1892, which is the oldest
    charitable institution in the city, will participate as well as the ZS6
    ZU Hammies Radio Club and the Urania Village Community. The Hammies Radio
    Club will demonstrate the international communication abilities of our ve
    ry own radio shack, the ZS6IEE museum station in the Max Clarke Museum
    , and operated by the Antique Wireless Association of Southern Africa.

    Other sites of historical interest on the campus, such as the South Afri
    can Radio Astronomical Society (SARAO) Telescope built in 1910, will be
    open for viewing. It will be an open day from 09:30 to 15:00 and we will
    have soft drinks, tea/coffee, pancakes, boerewors rolls, etc.,
    on sale for visitors. Bring the whole family for a very informative outin
    g. The address is 18A, Gill Street, Observatory and the entrance is in
    Innes Road. Directions can also be found on the AWASA website at www.awas a.org.za

    THE ANNUAL VOORTREKKERS CANAL ROWING EVENT

    The annual Canal Rowing event of the Voortrekkers will again take place ne
    ar Brits in the North-West Province on 24 September. The fun already start
    s on the evening of 23 September. During the event, the Voortrekker call
    sign ZS9SPD, operated by Gerhard, ZS6CRS will be active, and all ra
    dio amateurs, Voortrekkers and Scouts are invited to make contact on the
    40 m band.

    You are listening to a news bulletin of the South African Radio League

    AMATEUR RADIO AT THE CENTURION SOCIETY OF MODEL ENGINEERS SPRING FAIR

    Why not make a QSO with the ZS6STN field station that will be conducting H
    F assessments with the RAE students and at the same time, showcasing Ama
    teur Radio at the Centurion Society of Model Engineers Spring Fair. The CS
    ME Spring Fair is open from 09:00 to 16:00 CAT on Saturday 24 and Sunday 2
    5 September. The address is 999 Kwikkie Crescent, Centurion. You are als
    o invited to come through with your family to enjoy the Spring Fair, rid
    e a miniature train and visit the ZS6STN Field Station. Hope to catch you
    on air and perhaps even meet you in person at the ZS6STN station.

    CLUB NEWS

    The next Sandton ARC Power Hour Tech Talk will take place from 19:00 CAT o
    n Thursday evening 29 September. The topic is "Using the Moon as a
    Ping Pong buddy" or as it may be more commonly known, EME, Ea
    rth Moon Earth or Moon bounce. Our special guest is Pine, ZS6OB, the f
    irst person in Africa and second person in the Southern Hemisphere to achi
    eve a DXCC on 144 MHz using EME, who will take us through the intricacie
    s of bouncing radio waves off the moon, what can be achieved by doing so
    and what equipment is needed to accomplish this amazing feat. The talk is
    open to all, so please spread the word and connect to this very interes
    ting conversation on the 145,700 repeater or via Echo Link ZS6STN-R.

    The East Rand Radio Club say, "Spring is in the air and now is t
    he time to have a flea market." Starting at 10:00 CAT on Saturday
    1 October 2022, the market will continue to 12:45. At 13:00 the Club wi
    ll hold is AGM for all the paid-up members. Friends of the club are welcom
    e to attend as well. A table, or to sell from your car boot costs R20-00
    - payable on the day. See you at the Club house in Ebenezer Street, Arr
    owe Park Scouting Grounds in Benoni. Please e-mail us on zs6erb@gmail.com
    (mailto:zs6erb@gmail.com) if you have queries or want to book a table or
    car boot. We will have an auction as well... bring lots of cash and Club
    675 will be open and wors-rolls will be available!

    CONTEST NEWS

    Twenty-eight logs were received for the second leg of the SARL Field Day h
    eld on 3 and 4 September. One log is a checklog.

    Class A: Field Station, Multi operator
    1st the West Rand ARC - 247 730 points
    2nd the Northern Cape ARC - 168 482 points
    3rd the Sandton ARC - 147 362 points

    Class B - Field Station, Multi operator, QRP
    1st the Sasolburg ARC - 140 450 points

    Class C - Field Station, Single Operator
    1st Karin, ZS6MMA - 130 370 points
    2nd Vaughn, ZS6VLR - 109 440 points
    3rd Anthony, ZS6ANT - 107 330 points

    Class D - Field Station, Single Operator, QRP
    1st Johannes, ZS4DZ - 138 290 points

    Class E - Ultra Light Portable
    1st Phillip, ZS6FY/p - 86 378 points

    Class F - Backyard Stations
    1st Dennis, ZS9HQ/p - 27 216 points (operated by ZS4BS)

    Class G - General Stations
    1st Romeo, ZS6ARQ - 3 648 points
    2nd Peet, ZS4VP - 1 778 points
    3rd PEARS - 1 130 points

    PROPAGATION REPORT

    Hannes Coetzee, ZS6BZP, reports that the solar activity is expected to
    be at low levels. There are currently 4 sunspots with simple to complex m agnetic configurations visible. There is a high probability for C-class an
    d a low probability for M-class flaring. If you want to do your own freque
    ncy predictions, the expected effective sunspot number for the week will
    be around 71. The 10 to 30 m bands may provide some good DX fun, especi
    ally in the late afternoon. Please visit the website spaceweather.sansa.or
    g.za for further information.

    Finally, a diary of some upcoming events:


    Today - the SAMOC Sweepstakes
    19 September - the closing date for Club Contest Logs
    23 September - the Spring Equinox at 03:03 CAT and registration fo
    r the October RAE closes
    24 September - National Braai and Heritage Day, the SOTA, ZSFF
    and Heritage Spring Activity Day, the SAIEE historical section open day
    and the Voortrekkers Canal rowing event
    24 and 25 September - the CQ WW RTTY Contest and the Sandton ARC at the Ce nturion Society of Model Engineers Spring Fair
    25 September - the ZS1 QSO Party
    25 to 27 September - Rosh Hashanah
    29 September - the Sandton ARC Power Hour
    30 September - the schools close and the closing date for ZS1 logs
    1 October - the AWA Valve AM QSO Party, the East Rand Flea marke
    t and International Coffee Day
    2 October - the AWA Valve SSB QSO Party

    To conclude our bulletin, a recap of our main news story:

    The Council received an application for affiliation from a new Club and it
    was noted that the proposed Club constitution does not meet the legal req uirements set by SARS, among others. Clubs are requested to check their
    constitutions and contact the SARL Legal Advisor, Louw Erasmus, ZS6LM
    E at zs6lme@gmail.com (mailto:zs6lme@gmail.com) for assistance to amend th
    e document to meet legal requirements.

    This concludes our bulletin for this morning.

    We invite clubs and individuals to submit news items of interest to radio
    amateurs and shortwave listeners, in both English and Afrikaans, if p
    ossible, by following the News Inbox link on the South African Radio Lea
    gue web page. News items to include in the bulletin should reach the news
    team no later than the Friday preceding the bulletin date.

    You are welcome to join us every Sunday morning for the weekly radio progr
    am, Amateur Radio Today at 10:00 CAT. The program can be heard on VHF an
    d UHF repeaters countrywide and on 7 082 kHz lower sideband by Louis ZS5LP
    . A rebroadcast by Andy ZS6ADY, can be heard on Monday evenings at 19:30
    CAT on 3 620 kHz.

    We welcome your signal reports, comments and suggestions; please send th
    ese by e-mail to artoday@sarl.org.za (mailto:artoday@sarl.org.za) .

    You have listened to a news bulletin written by Dennis Green, ZS4BS, p
    roofread by Dave Reece, ZS1DFR and read by ..............

    From the news team, best wishes for the week ahead.
    Neem Kennis: Die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga saai elke Sondag nuus bulletins
    uit in Afrikaans sowel as Engels om 08:15 en 08:30 Sentraal Afrika Tyd on derskeidelik op HF sowel as op verskeie BHF- en UHF-herhalers.Luister elke
    Sondag oggend om 10:00 Sentraal Afrika Tyd na "Amateur Radio Today." SUID-AFRIKAANSE RADIOLIGA NUUS VIR SONDAG 18 SEPTEMBER 2022

    Goeie môre en welkom by die weeklikse nuus uitsending van die Suid-Af
    rikaanse Radioliga, gelees deur ________________________ (jou naam, ro
    epsein en QTH)

    Die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga saai elke Sondag nuus bulletins uit in Afrik
    aans sowel as Engels om 08:15 en 08:30 Sentraal Afrika Tyd onderskeidelik
    op HF sowel as op verskeie BHF- en UHF-herhalers. Hierdie uitsendings wor
    d ook via Echolink herlei deur Johan, ZS6JPL. Die oudio bulletins kan af
    gelaai word vanaf die Liga se webwerf by www.sarl.org.za, terwyl die tek
    s bulletins by https://sarl.us5.list-manage.com/track/click?u'b05a8cba 9589bf8d019e5d3&ida833141ca&eœe7bd785b afgelaai kan word. Om
    by die Mailchimp bulletin e-poslys aan te sluit, stuur 'n e-pos aan die
    SARL Sekretaris.

    In die Nuus vandag:

    IS JOU KLUB-GRONDWET OP DATUM?

    BAIE AMATEUR RADIO GELEENTHEDE OP SATERDAG 24 SEPTEMBER

    en

    KLUB EN KOMPETISIE NUUS

    Bly ingeskakel vir meer inligting oor hierdie en ander interessante nuus i tems.

    IS JOU KLUB-GRONDWET OP DATUM?

    Die Raad het 'n aansoek om affiliasie van 'n nuwe Klub ontvang en daar is
    kennis geneem dat die voorgestelde Klub grondwet nie voldoen aan die wetl
    ike vereistes wat onder andere deur die SAID gestel word nie. Klubs word v ersoek om hul grondwette na te gaan en die SARL Regsadviseur, Louw Erasm
    us, ZS6LME by zs6lme@gmail.com (mailto:zs6lme@gmail.com) te kontak vir b
    ystand om die dokument te wysig om aan die wetlike vereistes te voldoen.

    DIE ZS SOTA, FAUNA EN FLORA EN ERFENIS LENTE DAG

    Die ZS SOTA, ZSFF en Erfenis Lentedag sal op Saterdag 24 September (Nasi
    onale Braaidag en Erfenisdag) wees. Vir diegene wat beplan om 'n piek, '
    n park of 'n erfenisterrein te aktiveer, is dit tyd om te begin kyk na w
    atter piek, park of erfenisterrein jy gaan aktiveer en jou beplande akti veringstye, plaas asseblief jou beplande aktivering op die WhatsApp SOTA
    / POTA groep sodat jagters bewus sal wees van jou aktivering.

    Hierdie is pret dag in die natuur en nie 'n kompetisie nie, elke deelnem
    er sal 'n Lentedag-sertifikaat ontvang of jy daardie pieke, parke of erf enisterreine geaktiveer of gejaag het. Vir aktiveerders is dit pret om te
    sien of jy piek-tot-piek (S2S) of park-tot-park of erfenis-tot-erfenis of
    'n kombinasie van kontakte met ander aktiveerders kan maak en hoeveel jag
    ters jy in jou log kan kry .

    SAIEE HISTORIESE AFDELING VIER SA ERFENISDAG 24 SEPTEMBER

    Die nalatenskap en geskiedenis van Suid-Afrikaanse Elektriese Ingenieurswe se-innovasies is noukeurig saamgestel sodat ons huidige en toekomstige ges lagte die beduidende bydrae tot die samelewing van sommige van die reuse v
    an ons veld in die afgelope jare kan leer, geniet en waardeer. Baie van
    die voordele wat ons vandag geniet, sal beter waardeer word wanneer jy
    die reis van tegnologie en innovasie sien na die gerief en veiligheid wat
    ons tans geniet en as vanselfsprekend aanvaar.

    Die Johannesburg Kinderhuis, gestig in 1892, wat die oudste liefdadigh eidsinstelling in die stad is, sal deelneem asook die ZS6ZU Hammies Radi
    oklub en die Urania Village Community. Die Hammies Radioklub sal die inter nasionale kommunikasie vermoëns demonstreer vanaf ons eie radiokamer
    , die ZS6IEE-museumstasie in die Max Clarke-museum en wat deur die Antie
    ke Draadloos Vereniging van Suider-Afrika bedryf word,.

    Ander terreine van historiese belang op die kampus, soos die Suid-Afrika
    anse Radio Astronomiese Vereniging (SARAO) Teleskoop wat in 1910 gebou is
    , sal oop wees vir besigtiging. Dit sal 'n Opedag wees van 09:30 tot 15:
    00 en ons sal koeldrank, tee/koffie, pannekoek, boerewors-rolle, e
    ns., vir besoekers te koop hê. Bring die hele gesin vir 'n baie lee
    rsame uitstappie. Die adres is 18A, Gillstraat, Observatory en die ing
    ang is in Innesweg. Aanwysings kan ook op die AWASA-webwerf by www.awasa.o rg.za gevind word

    DIE JAARLIKSE VOORTREKKER KANAAL ROEI GELEENTHEID

    Die Voortrekkers hou soos gewoonlik elke jaar op 24 September, Erfenisda
    g, hulle Kanaal roei avontuur naby Brits in die Noordwes Provinsie. Die
    pret begin reeds gedurende die aand van 23 September. Gedurende die duur
    van geleentheid sal 'n amateur stasie met die roepsein ZS9SPD aktief wees
    . Die stasie sal deur Gerhard, ZS6CRS, bedien word. Alle amateurs, V oortrekkers en Padvinders word uitgenooi om met die stasie kontak te maak
    op 40 m

    Jy luister na ʼn nuus uitsending van die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga.

    AMATEUR RADIO BY DIE CENTURION VERENIGING VAN MODEL INGENIEURS LENTE KERMI
    S

    Waarom nie 'n QSO maak met die ZS6STN-veldstasie wat HF-assesserings saam
    met die RAE-studente sal doen en terselfdertyd Amateur Radio by die Centu
    rion Vereniging Van Model Ingenieurs Lente Kermis sal vertoon. Die CSME Le
    nte kermis is oop vanaf 09:00 tot 16:00 sat op Saterdag 24 en Sondag 25 Se ptember. Die adres is 999 Kwikkie Laan, Centurion. Jy word ook uitgenooi
    om saam met jou gesin deur te kom om die Lente kermis te geniet, 'n min
    iatuur trein te ry en die ZS6STN Veldstasie te besoek. Hoop om jou op die
    lug te vang en dalk selfs persoonlik by die ZS6STN-stasie te ontmoet.

    KLUB NUUS

    Die volgende Sandton ARK Krag Uur Tegniese Praatjie vind vanaf 19:00 SAT o
    p Donderdagaand 29 September plaas. Die onderwerp is "Gebruik die
    Maan as 'n tafeltennis vriend" of soos dit meer algemeen bekend i
    s EME, Aarde Maan Aarde of Maan bons. Ons spesiale gas is Pine, ZS6OB
    , die eerste persoon in Afrika en tweede persoon in die Suidelike Halfro
    nd om 'n DXCC op 144 MHz met EME te bereik, wat ons deur die ingewikkeld
    hede van weerkaatsende radiogolwe van die maan sal neem, wat bereik kan
    word deur om dit te doen en watter toerusting nodig is om hierdie wonderl
    ike prestasie te bereik. Die praatjie is oop vir almal, so versprei asse
    blief die woord en sluit aan by hierdie baie interessante gesprek op die 1
    45 700 herhaler of via EchoLink ZS6STN-R.

    Die Oos-Rand Radioklub sê Lente is in die lug en dit is nou die tyd o
    m 'n snuffelmark te hou. Vanaf 10:00 SAT op Saterdag 1 Oktober 2022, sal
    die mark voortgaan tot 12:45. Om 13:00 hou die Klub 'n AJV vir al die opb etaalde lede. Vriende van die klub is ook welkom om dit by te woon. 'n Taf
    el of om uit jou motor se kattebak te verkoop is R20-00 - betaalbaar op di
    e dag. Sien jou by die Klubhuis in Ebenezerstraat, Arrowe Park Padvinder
    gronde in Benoni. E-pos ons asseblief op zs6erb@gmail.com (mailto:zs6erb@g mail.com) as jy navrae het of 'n tafel of motor-kattebak wil bespreek. Ons
    gaan ook 'n veiling hou... bring baie kontant en Club 675 sal oop wees en
    worsbroodjies sal beskikbaar wees!

    KOMPETISIE NUUS

    Agt-en-twintig logstate is ontvang vir die tweede been van die SARL Veldda
    g wat op 3 en 4 September gehou is. Een logstaat is 'n kontrolelog.

    Klas A: Veldstasie, Multi-operateur
    1ste die Wesrand ARK - 247 730 punte
    2de die Noord-Kaap ARK - 168 482 punte
    3de die Sandton ARK - 147 362 punte

    Klas B - Veldstasie, Multi-operateur, QRP
    1ste die Sasolburg ARK - 140 450 punte

    Klas C - Veldstasie, enkel operateur
    1ste Karin, ZS6MMA - 130 370 punte
    2de Vaughn, ZS6VLR - 109 440 punte
    3de Anthony, ZS6ANT - 107 330 punte

    Klas D - Veldstasie, enkel operateur, QRP
    1ste Johannes, ZS4DZ - 138 290 punte

    Klas E - Ultra Lig Draagbaar
    1ste Phillip, ZS6FY/p - 86 378 punte

    Klas F - Agterplaas stasies
    1ste Dennis, ZS9HQ/p - 27 216 punte (bedien deur ZS4BS)

    Klas G - Algemene Stasies
    1ste Romeo, ZS6ARQ - 3 648 punte
    2de Peet, ZS4VP - 1 778 punte
    3de PEARS - 1 130 punte

    HF VOORTPLANTINGSVOORSPELLING

    Hannes Coetzee, ZS6BZP, berig dat die verwagte sonaktiwiteitsvlak laag
    gaan wees. Tans is daar 4 sonvlekke met eenvoudige tot gevorderde magneti
    ese samestellings sigbaar. Daar is 'n hoë waarskynlikheid vir die voo
    rkoms van C-klas fakkels en 'n lae moontlikheid van M-klas sonfakkels. Die
    gene wat hulle eie frekwensievoorspellings wil doen, kan 'n verwagte eff ektiewe sonvlektelling van 71 vir die week gebruik. Radio amateurs kan ver
    al laatmiddag goeie DX openinge op die 10 tot 30 m bande verwag. Besoek ge
    rus die webtuiste spaceweather.sansa.org.za vir meer inligting.

    Nou die dagboek van gebeure vir die volgende paar weke:

    19 September - die sluitingsdatum vir Klub kompetisie logstate
    23 September - die Lente Ewening om 03:03 SAT en registrasie vir d
    ie Oktober RAE sluit
    24 September - Nasionale Braai- en Erfenisdag, die SOTA, ZSFF
    en Erfenis Lente Aktiwiteitsdag, die SAIEE historiese afdeling Opedag e
    n die Voortrekker kanaal roei geleentheid
    24 en 25 September - die CQ WW RTD kompetisie en die Sandton ARK by die Ce nturion Vereniging van Model Ingenieurs Lente kermis
    25 September - die ZS1 QSO Partytjie
    25 tot 27 September - Rosh Hashanah
    29 September - die Sandton ARK Krag Uur
    30 September - die skole sluit en die sluitingsdatum vir ZS1 logs
    1 Oktober - die AWA Buis AM QSO Partytjie, die Oos-Randse snuffe
    lmark en AJV en Internasionale Koffie dag
    2 Oktober - die AWA Buis SSB QSO Party

    Om die bulletin mee af te sluit, â-˜n opsomming van ons hoof berig
    :

    Die Raad het 'n aansoek om affiliasie van 'n nuwe Klub ontvang en daar is
    kennis geneem dat die voorgestelde Klub grondwet nie voldoen aan die wetl
    ike vereistes wat onder andere deur die SAID gestel word nie. Klubs word v ersoek om hul grondwette na te gaan en die SARL Regsadviseur, Louw Erasm
    us, ZS6LME by zs6lme@gmail.com (mailto:zs6lme@gmail.com) te kontak vir b
    ystand om die dokument te wysig om aan die wetlike vereistes te voldoen.

    Dit bring ons aan die einde van hierdie bulletin.

    Die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga se nuus diens nooi klubs en individue uit om
    nuus brokkies van belang vir radio amateurs en kortgolf luisteraars in te
    dien. Plaas nuus berigte indien moontlik, in beide Engels en Afrikaans
    op die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga webtuiste onder die 'news inbox' skakel
    nie later as die Vrydag wat die bulletin datum vooraf gaan nie.

    Luister elke Sondag oggend om 10:00 Sentraal Afrika Tyd na "Amateur Radio
    Today." Daar is herleiding op 7 082 kHz laer syband deur Louis ZS5LP en v erskeie herleidings op BHF en UHF frekwensies regoor Suid Africa. 'n Herui tsending deur Andy ZS6ADY vind op Maandae aande om 19:30 Sentraal Afrika T
    yd op 3 620 kHz plaas.

    Ons ontvang graag jou sein rapporte, kommentaar en voorstelle, stuur '
    n e-pos aan artoday@sarl.org.za (mailto:artoday@sarl.org.za) .

    Jy het geluister na 'n nuus uitsending van die Suid-Afrikaanse Radioliga
    , geskryf deur Dennis Green, ZS4BS, geredigeer deur Johan de Bruin
    , ZS6JHB en gelees deur ....................................

    Van die Nuusspan, die beste wense vir die week vorentoe.

    ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ
    ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ
    ÿÿÿÿ
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