On Saturday, 30 January 1999 at 02:00:00 UTC-6,
gan...@my-dejanews.com wrote:
In article <78836e$6l8$1...@nnrp1.dejanews.com>,
yash...@my-dejanews.com wrote:
In article <77tk2o$57k$1...@nnrp1.dejanews.com>,
gan...@my-dejanews.com wrote:
Virks are an important clan of the Jat Saka tribe. This clan produced
the Virka imperial Buddhist dynasty (420 AD - 640) of northern and central
Sakasthana (Indus-Ganga country) whose last emporer was HarshaVardhana. Sir
Cunningham (former Director General of Indian Archeological Survey) and Todd
were among the first to discover their clan and tribe identity from coins,
Tibetan Buddhist texts and inscriptions at Mandasor.
Harshavardhan was the only major ruler of his brief dynasty,
Wrong: it was over 220 years - see other post.
one of his grandmothers was born in the Gupta family. Harshvardhana
Wrong: The Virkas were confined to the historically and geographically separate Indus-Ganga country (politically separate over 90% of 3500 years!). The coin, inscriptional, archeological and literary evidence from Jain/Puranic/Persian/Buddhist/Chinese sources clearly demonstrate the non-Brahmanical and non-gangetic origins of the Mauryas (Maur clan) and Guptas (Dharan clan).
Here is the solid historical evidence:
1) The Puranas do not even refer to the largest imperial dynasties of
the north such as the Mauryas (324 - 232 BC) and Dharan Guptas (320 AD -
515) as "Kshatriyas". Regarding the Mauryas, Dehiya [p.147] states "Another indication of the foreign origin (Saka) of these people is . . . The Vishnu Purana calls them (Gupta rulers) Sudras. The Markandeya Purana brands the Mauryas as Asura. The Yuga Purana called them `utterly irreligious, though posing as religious'. The Mudra Rakshasa calls these people as mlechas and Chandragupta himself is called 'Kulahina', an upstart of unknown family".
2) Mauryan coins have the symbol of the sun, a branch, a humped bull and mountain (Dehiya, p.155). All these are pre-eminently Scythian MassaGetae icons who were Sun worshippers with the high mount symbolizing earth and the irregular curving lines alongside it symbolizes water. The tree branch is a symbol of productivity of the earth - agriculture and soldiering were the traditional "noble" occupation of Sakas. The historians of Darius record
that when he attempted to attack the Scythian MassaGetae (an old-Iranian culture of central asia) along the Black sea in the 5th century BC, the Saka kings swore by the sun god and refused to surrender "earth and water".
3) D.B. Spooner who evacuated Pataliputra was struck by his findings and writes in his article "The Zoroastrian Period of Indian History" as follows: "For Chandragupta' s times, the evidences are more numerous and more detailed,
and indicate a following of Persian customs all along the line - in public works, in ceremonial, in penal institutions, everything".
4) Regarding the Guptas, Dehiya [p.181] states "The coins of
SamudraGupta, Chandragupta I, Kacha, Chandragupta II Vikramaditya, Kumaragupta I, Skandagupta, etc. all have the central asian long coat and trousers and boots and long swords. This is the most significant fact
proving that the Guptas were in fact central asian Jats (a major Saka tribe) . . . ".
5) P. L. Gupta writes "The most common gold coins of the Guptas appear to be the direct descendants of the gold coins of the later Kushans . . .". He adds that the standing pose of the Gupta kings at the altar is almost identical to that of the Kushan kings, as is their dress - Kushan long coats and trousers (uchkin, salwar/kameez). The Kushana or Kasvan tribe of the Sakas had rule over Sakasthan (northwest) in the period from 1st century to 4rd century AD. The early Gupta coins are significantly called "dinar" and their weight is the same as those of westerly Kushana coins. Moreover, Alberuni (an Arab who traveled to southasia in A.D. 1030) learnt that "the Guptas were powerful but bad and the locals (in the gangetic region) celebrated the end of their rule by starting a new era" (Dehiya, p. 190). This again supports the Scythian origin of the Guptas: the end of the Saka empire in the eastern subcontinent was a cause of celebration to the gangetic Brahmins.
6) The term "Gupta" is a misnamed version of "Jarta" found in early
texts and inscriptions by modern pro-Brahmanist historians (e.g. Majumdar, Belvelkar, Satavalekar). "Jarta" is the sanskritized form of "Jat" as other Saka tribal names "Gujar" become "Gurjara" and Munda become Marunda. Gupta
is derived from "Goptri" meaning "military governor" as in the inscription of Skandagupta (Dehiya, p 176). It was not a surname or clan name but a title. Chandragomin, a gramarian of 6th century AD, wrote "Ajay Jarto Hunan" or "the invincible Jartas defeated the Hunas".
7) Dehiya [p. 22] further writes
"The Jain author Vardhamana mentions Sakas and Jartas in 1139-40 AD (Ganaratana Mahodadhi, Kasika, 201). Chandragomin, therefore makes no
mistake at all when he states that the invincible Jats defeated the Hunas. Yasodharman (Virk) as well as the so-called Guptas were Jats . . . even though the Hunas were themselves late-comer Jats. The clan name of Toramana and Mahirgula, viz Jauvla, is still available among Indian Jats who are now called Jauhl. Majumdar and Belvelkar have to revise their revision. Their
is no need to change the word Jat (Jarta) into Gupta. The original is quite correct and was mentioned by a contemporary writer".
8) A contemporary inscription at Mandasor (558 AD) supports
Chandragomin's account that under the command of Yashodharman Virk, "the Jats not only defeated the Huns but also exterminated them" (Puniya, 178). This
is futher confirmed by Archarya Gopita, a Jain scholar of the 12th century AD, according to whom "Huns were defeated by the Jats". Similarly, the Artharva Veda says that god Rudra is the king of a people called "Garta-Sada": "Gartasadam Jananam Rajanam". Many modern Brahmanist "historians" like Satavalekar, after numerous contortions (Dehiya, p. 310), translate "Garta" as being equivalent to a cave (Guha) !
is well known because he is mentioned in contemporary Sanskrit
texts as well as the account of a Chinese visitor Hiuen-tsang
(see http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/asian_studies/).
He supported all religions, not just Buddhism.He is himself
considered to be the author of some Sanskrit books.
He is not related to the Virks.
Buddist texts and Virka coins and inscriptions clearly
indentify him as a Jat of the Virk clan - hence the dynastic
name VIRKA !!!!
In facts Brahmins tried to have him assasinated because of his
greater leanings towards Buddhism. The plot was discovered and
the traitors slaughtered.
Needless to say, there was never anything called "Sakasthan".
Dream on RSS (1925) Brahmanoid kirar clowns on their 20th century dasya-go-Vedic fantasy trip and ONE FUDU NATION empire!
Then, why do inscriptions and coins from Indus to ganga litter
the lansdcape and say "Sakas", "Sakasthana", "Sakamuni", etc.
Saka Mathura Capital Lion Inscriptions:
"Sarvasa Sakasthana Puyae" (For the merit of Sakasthani people").
Herodotus ("father of history") mentions that the Scythian tribes
controlled central asia down to the ganga river during the 5th century BC. The largest Saka imperial dynasties of Sakasthana include the Satraps (204 BC to 78 AD), Kushanas (50 AD - 380), Virkas (420 AD - 640) while others like the Mauryas (324 - 232 BC) and Dharan-Guptas (320 AD - 515) expanded their empires towards the east.
Over 65% of the northwest populations (e.g. jats, rajputs, gujars,
awans, khatris, ahirs, tarkhans, etc.) have been derived to Saka tribes
based in information in colonial censuses.
Oldest Brahmins temple in northwest dates to 10th century AD - really
ANCIENT and post-Buddhist (10th century AD) revisionist and plagerized gangu-Bahman texts
"forbid brahmins from travelling to Vahika-desa (northwest country"!!! Gandasa
Selected Historical References on Sakas and Northwest Sakasthana
(See Dhillon (1994) for catalogue of over 400 references)
Banerjea, J.N. (1987), The Scythians and Parthians in India, in a Comprehensive History of India, edited by K.A.N. Sastri, Vol. 2,
Peoples Publishing House, New Delhi, India, 1987, pp 186-309, pp
830-838.
Bingley, A.H. (1978), History, Caste & Culture of the Jats and Gujars, Ess Ess Publications, New Delhi, India (first published in 1899).
Cunningham, A. (1971), Coins of the Indo-Scythians, Sakas, and Kushanas, Reprinted by Indological Book House, Varanasi, India (first published
1888).
Dahiya, B.S. (1980), Jats: The Ancient Rulers, Sterling Publishers Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi, India.
Dhillon, B.S. (1994), History and Study of the Jats, Beta Publishers
Inc., Ottawa, Canada
Eggmont, P.H.L. (1970), Alexander's Campaign in Ghandhara and Ptolemy's List of Indo-Scythian Towns, Orientalis Lavaniensia Periodica I, pp 63-123.
Gupta, P.L. (1988), Coins, National Book Trust, New Delhi, India, pp51-52. Hewitt, J.F. (1894), The Ruling Races of Prehistorical Times in India, South-Western Asia, and Southern Europe, Archibald Constable & Co. ,
London, pp. 481-487.
Herodotus (B.C. 490-425): The Histories, translated by de Selincourt,
Penguin Books, New York, 1988.
Ibbetson Denzil (1916), Punjab Castes: Races, Castes and the Tribes
of the People of Punjab, Cosmo Publications, New Delhi (1981).
Jats, The New Encylopaedia Britannica, Vol. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., Chicago, pp. 510.
Kosambi, D.D. (1953), “The Study of Indian Tradition”, Indica, Silver Jubilee Issue.
Pradhan, M.C. (1966), The Political System of the Jats of Northern India, Oxford University Press, London.
Ptolemy (90-168 A.D.), Geography of Claudius Ptolemy, translated and edited by E.L. Stevenson, The New York Public Library, New York, 1932.
Pawar, H.S. (1993), The Jats: their Origin, Antiquity and Migrations,
Manthan Publications, Rohtak, India
McCrindle, J.W. (1987), Ancient India as Described in Classical Literature, reprinted by Eastern Book House, Patna, India, pp 164-165 (first
published 1901).
McGovern, W.N. (1939), The early Empires of Central Asia, he University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, pp 419-21.
Rolle, R. (1989), The World of the Scythians, University of California
Press, Berkeley.
Sara, I. (1978), The Scythian Origin of the Jat-SIkh (Part 1 & 2), The Sikh Review, pp. 15-27, pp. 214-233.
Smith, V. A. (1903), The Kushana or Indo-Scythian Period in Indian History (165 B.C.-320 A.D.), Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great
Britain and Ireland, pp. 1-64.
Tod, J.(1972), Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan, Vol. 1, Routledge &
Kegan Paul Ltd., London, pp. 623(first published in 1829).
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